Urbanization has been seen as a major force changing the way people live, especially in developing countries like India and the Philippines. In the case analysis, it was shown that while progress and development are offered by urbanization, many problems are also caused when it is not properly managed. Better jobs and services are hoped for by people moving to cities, but stress is placed on housing, transportation, and public services as a result.

In India, environmental damage was highlighted as one of the biggest problems caused by rapid urban growth. It was explained in the report that cities like Mumbai and Delhi have been affected by pollution, heat, and waste. Temperatures are increased by concrete buildings and heavy traffic, while air quality is reduced. This made me realize how badly the environment can be harmed when cities are built without careful planning.

The Philippines was discussed in terms of poor infrastructure and weak governance. In Metro Manila, many areas have been left without proper roads, clean water, or organized housing. Even though the economy has been growing, its benefits have not been equally shared. From this, it was shown that city life does not automatically become better unless planning and leadership are improved.

On the global level, some positive effects were also described. A study showed that better health outcomes have been linked to urbanization in many countries. Cities can help people live longer and healthier lives if clean environments and good services are provided. This made me realize that both risks and benefits are brought by urbanization depending on how it is handled.

In conclusion, urbanization was presented as something that can lead to either improvement or harm. Opportunities for growth and health can be created, but only if smart decisions are made by leaders and communities. This reflection helped me understand that the direction of urban change will be shaped by the actions that are taken today.